Psychology of Learning - 3059 Words

PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING Learning is a process that depends on experience and leads to long-term changes in behavior potential. Behavior potential designates the possible behavior of an individual, not actual behavior. The main assumption behind all learning psychology is that the effects of the environment, conditioning, reinforcement, etc. provide psychologists with the best information from which to understand human behavior. As opposed to short term changes in behavior potential (caused e.g. by fatigue) learning implies long term changes. As opposed to long term changes caused by aging and development, learning implies changes related directly to experience. Learning theories try to better understand how the learning process works.†¦show more content†¦In his initial experiments, Pavlov rang a bell and then gave the dog food; after a few repetitions, the dogs started to salivate in response to the bell. Pavlov called the bell the conditioned (or conditional) stimulus (CS) because its effects depend on its association with food. He called the food the unconditioned stimulus (US) because its effects did not depend on previous experience. Likewise, the response to the CS was the conditioned response (CR) and that to the US was the unconditioned response (UR). The timing between the presentation of the CS and US affects both the learning and the performance of the conditioned response. Pavlov found that the shorter the interval between the ringing of the bell and the appearance of the food, the stronger and quicker the dog learned the conditioned response. Forward conditioning Learning is fastest in forward conditioning. During forward conditioning, the onset of the CS precedes the onset of the US in order to signal that the US will follow. Two common forms of forward conditioning are delay and trace conditioning. Delay conditioning: In delay conditioning the CS is presented and is overlapped by the presentation of the US. The difference between Trace conditioning and Delay conditioning is that in the delayed procedure the CS and US overlap.For example: We often hear the thunder before the lightning has faded from view. Trace conditioning: During traceShow MoreRelatedPsychology : The Learning Perspective Essay1882 Words   |  8 PagesPsychology is a broad subject filled with many different theories, several theories of which that were particularly interesting fall under the topic â€Å"The Learning Perspective†. In fact, Learning is described as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or by being taught. This paper takes a leap further into the psychology and true meaning behind the Learning Perspective, as well as its Biological Importance in our everyday lives. The ideology behind his perspective basicallyRead More psychology and learning Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesto the different situations in which they are learning and what they have to learn. One form of learning is known as conditioning. Conditioning emphasises the relationship between stimuli and responses. The two types of conditioning found are Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. Learni ng may occur in different ways. Psychologists have distinguished between different types of learning, these being Observational Learning and Insight Learning. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Classical conditioningRead MoreApplications for Psychology in Adult Learning1319 Words   |  6 PagesPsychology and adult learning are inherently linked given their focus upon the internal processes of the mind. The field of psychology has increasingly been applied to inform the adult education practice. Psychology is oftentimes incorporated into the foundation of the training that is received by adult educators in training. The field of psychology provides answers to questions that are common within adult education. These questions include â€Å"What motivates students to attend classes? ThroughRead MoreCognitive Learning - Educational Psychology1074 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Cognitive psychology has long been an integral part of psychology. It has a direct impact on how educator’s look to improve the teaching and learning process. (Huitt 2006) Much research is done on how we process information. There have been numerous models created to help illustrate this process. Metacognition is also important to educators in it allows a learner to judge how well they are learning a particular subject. There are many ways that we process information. TheoristsRead MoreEducational Psychology : Teaching And Learning Process758 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Psychology is a division of psychology that works with the education of children, teaching methods, guidance, and the assessment of aptitude and development. The main purpose of educational psychology is to understand and improve the teaching and learning process. Within my classroom, I encounter dialect differences on a daily basis. I am exposed to a southern dialect in my classroom. As a teacher, I must be sensitive to the difference in those students’ dialects. I could also ensureRead MorePsychology : Learning, Development, Stress And Health, And Personality Theories1590 Words   |  7 Pagesquestions would be no, and that’s fine. Psychology plays a major role in the way we are brought up and who we are today. Believe it or not, the way we are taught and the way we are are today deals with the way our brain has grown and developed throughout our years on this earth. During psychology class, I learned about many different theories that different people came up with to clarify how we act today. In this paper i’m going to use my knowledge of learning, development, stress and health, and personalityRead MoreExperiential Learning Theory : Carl Rogerss Approach To Psychology936 Words   |  4 PagesExperiential Learning is the art of learning from one’s own physical experiences in real life. The theory was developed by a man named Carl Rogers. The Experiential Learning theory originates from his views about psychotherapy and humanistic approach to psychology. He believes that Experiential Learning is equivalent to personal change and growth. He feels the all humans have a natural tendency to learn. Carl Rogers was born January 8, 1902 in Oak Park, Illinois. His father was a civil engineerRead MoreThe Origin and Importance of Learning the Basic Principles and Methodology of Psychology2182 Words   |  9 Pagesstimulating and the professor has most definitely imparted knowledge pertaining to psychology in a very comprehensive and relative manner. We start out with the very basics of Psychology and we try to build up from those fundamental concepts such that it is not only easy to retain the concepts but also apply them in everyday definition. While building this rudimentary level, we learn that the first instance of learning about conscience can be dated as far back as the advancement of the European societyRead MoreBiological Psychology : The Biological Bases Of Psychological Processes, Behavior, And Learning1722 Words   |  7 PagesBiological Psychology is defined as a branch of neuroscience that focuses on the biological bases of psychological processes, behavior, and learning. Social Psychology is defined as the scientific study of how a person’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. Looking at both aspects of psychology we see many similarities as well as major differences. Some function go hand in hand while others could never be more different. The biologicalRead MoreHabituation of Exploratory Behavior in Rats - Conditioning and Learning in Psychology2285 Words   |  10 Pagesnumber of contacts and contact time. References Poucet, B., Chapuis, N., Durup, M., Thinus-Blanc, C. (1986). A study of exploratory behavior as an index of spatial knowledge in hamsters. Animal Learning Behavior, 14, 93-100 Poucet, B., Durup, M Thinus-Blanc, C. (1988). Short-term and long-term habituation of exploration in rats, hamsters, and gerbils. Behavioral Processes, 16, 203-211 Shukitt-Hale, B., Casadesus, G., Cantuti-Castelvetri